Avifaunal diversity inside and outside protected area: A case of Sundarijal Forest and Changunarayan Forest, Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

This study aimed to compare the diversity of birds between protected and non–protected areas that are similar in climatic geographical features. The was carried out three different habitat types (Forest, Agricultural land Wetland Sundarijal Non-protected Changunarayan. Field data were collected using a “Point Count Approach” transects which laid & Wetland). Shannon-Wiener Margalef Diversity Indices used calculate Pielou’s Evenness evenness bird species. Also, national global conservation status species categorized based on National Red List Series IUCN Threatened Species. result shows that, total 114 birds, 89 from Changunarayan 80 recorded. overall Shannon-Weiner diversity, evenness, Margalef’s richness index higher (H1 = 4.16, E1 0.92, R1 12.85) than (H2 3.65, E2 0.83, R2 =11.77). Our has shown highest Index (H1=3.99) (R1=11.51) Forest However, Sundarijal, (H2=3.49) found farmland (R2=9.54) documented for wetland. Among recorded species, 109 110 as least concerned nationally globally, respectively while 4 globally threatened 5 our site. showed both non-protected support birds. Hence priority should be given